Stranded in the Jungle

            by Steven Shaviro
            © 1995

    It's a scene from Fassbinder's 1972 film, The Bitter Tears of Petra von Kant--a scene

    that has haunted me for years. It's the aftermath of a tantrum. Petra von Kant has

    been drinking heavily, crying and yelling and screaming and cursing, smashing glasses

    against the wall. Her lover, Karin, has left her, and the agony is unbearable. But now

    it's all over. Petra lies on the floor, shattered and exhausted, her voice reduced to

    a murmur: "It just takes a few pills, mama. You wash them down with water and you

    sleep. It's so nice to sleep, mama. I haven't been able to sleep for so long. Oh, I

    want to sleep, to have a long, long, long sleep." She lapses into silence; the scene

    is over, but the camera lingers. It captures the whole room, in deep focus, shooting

    from a very low angle. The actors form a motionless tableau. Petra's quiescent form

    lies at the center, sunk into the white carpet. In the extreme foreground, at the

    right edge of the screen, we see the shoe and left leg of Petra's badgering mother. In

    the middle distance, just behind Petra, her daughter is kneeling towards her. Petra's

    supposed best friend, the slyly malicious Sidonie, stands slightly behind and to the

    left. On the back wall of the room, there's a full-size reproduction of a painting by

    Poussin, showing nude bodies writhing in oblivious ecstasy. Way in back at the left,

    this wall gives way to a corridor. Here the servant Marlene stands, staring as usual

    with a ferocious intensity. She slavishly abases herself throughout the film, silently

    attending to Petra's every whim; this avid gaze is her sole recompense. Of the film's

    characters, only the faithless Karin is missing; and rightly so, since everything

    turns on her absence. The camera lingers; each character has assumed her definitive

    place and posture. It's as if the weight and meaning of the whole narrative had

    crystallized into this one shot. We've passed the event horizon, and entered a black

    hole. Nothing more can ever happen. Petra has reached the ne plus ultra of abjection.

    The camera lingers; a Verdi aria swells up on the soundtrack, the only non-diegetic

    sound in the entire film. It's Alfredo's declaration of love to Violetta, "Di quell'

    amor," in the first act of La Traviata. The reference is all too ironically apt.

    Alfredo is urging the claims of his grand passion, against the sterile hedonism of

    Violetta's daily routine. Petra, too, has willed herself into a state of romantic

    infatuation. Her love for Karin is entirely a projection, desperately adopted to stave

    off boredom. And now she is paying the price for her performance. Every deep emotion

    starts out as a role you play; act one out for a while, and soon enough you will

    really feel it. The model you have idly imitated penetrates your very being. And so

    there's more to the use of opera here than just a cheap irony. The aria makes

    everything seem bigger and realer than life. It magnifies and distances Petra's

    feelings: intensifying them, but placing them in a sphere we cannot reach. The space

    and time of opera are not our space and time. There's something inhuman or superhuman

    about them. Petra's operatic despair marks a point of no return. She becomes a living

    statue, part of a tableau vivant. She is turned into stone, as her name itself perhaps

    implies. Or else into plastic, like the mannequins strewn about her apartment. It's

    useless to imagine that things will be any different tomorrow. Petra's very hysteria

    is embalmed and fossilized, given the dimensions of monumental kitsch. But wasn't this

    implicit right from the beginning? Start to finish, the film is composed of empty

    postures and gestures. Its sole setting is Petra's overdecorated apartment, whose

    elegantly vulgar furnishings scream of claustrophobic luxuriousness. And Petra herself

    is no different. Her physical motions and facial expressions are bombastically

    inflated. Her trite words are woefully inadequate to the emotions they seek to convey.

    This inadequacy is what makes them markers of true feeling. Cliches and stereotypes

    should be cherished, for they call attention to their own failure to convey what they

    mean. They are the only suitable language for emotions that can't be put into words.

    They indicate by their impotence what they cannot express directly. Every deep feeling

    is thus a wax museum statue of itself. Nothing is more excessive than banality, as

    drag queens know. No wonder the female actors in The Bitter Tears of Petra von Kant

    often give the impression of really being gay men in drag. It's because this film is

    so campy that it's also so emotionally compelling. Let it serve here as an emblem, an

    allegory of suspended desire. It's not loss, exactly, but something more

    uncomfortable. Being stranded in the middle, perhaps, unable to advance or retreat,

    neither here nor there.

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